Engine



Sept. 4 1923. 1,467,251

ENGII'NE Filed Feb. 5 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet '1 Sept. 4, 1923. 1,467,251

D. G. ROOS "ENGINE Filed Feb. 5. 1919 [2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ///A/ Inv' emf am. lielimraifloos,

' wwmzm citizen of the United States, and a resident Patented Sept. 4, 1923.-

'DELMAR G. ROOS, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE LOCOMOBILE-COMPANY;YOF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, A. GOIB PORATION OF DELAWARE ENGINE.

Application filed February 5, 1919. Serial Ro.'2 75,22'1.

To all whom it may concern: I

. Be it known that I, DELMAR G. Boos, 3.

of Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfild and State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Engines, of which the follow-' ing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like arts.

p This invention relates to engines of the class in which a cylinder casting and the caps for the main bearings of the crankshaft are secured to the crank-case by studs. The invention is more particularly concerned with a construction in which a single set of studs take the action and reaction of the cylinder and the bearing ca 5, while permitting removal 'of either wi out disturbing the other, and without removalv of the studs. 'Another feature relates to the relative arrangement of the studs and the oil ducts leadin to the .main bearings.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the following description, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawin Fig. 1 is a side elevation of anengine embodymg my invention;

' Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and 4 Fig. 3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale on line 33 of Fig. 1. v

Referring to the drawings, and to the embodiment of my invention which is illus trated therein, I have shown for purposes of exemplification an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder casting 4 mounted on a crank-case 5,the latter form- -ing a housing for a crank-shaft 6. The latter is mounted in a glurality of main bearings 7 provided wit caps 8 wh1ch,-in the present example, are formed in two parts, as shown in Fig. 3, although this is not at all necessary. A It is well known that in an engine of this class, the operationof the pistons, connecting rods and cranks, produces an action and reaction tending to drive the cylinder casting in an upward direction, and the mainbearing caps in a downward direction. As ameans t take this action and reaction, I

have providedfor each main-bearing a plurallty of tension members, herein a pair of studs 9 connecting the cylinder casting and bearing cap to the crank-case. Preferably,

. the crank-case is provided with a deep vertical web 10, through which the studs 9 ex x tend. The. upper terminal portions of the.

studs extend through a suitable portion of the cylinder casting, herein'a flan e 11, and

- are threaded to receivenuts 12 an lock-nuts 13, while the lower terminal portions of the studs are similarly threaded to receive nuts 14 and lock-nuts 15. Thus it will be understood that the studs transmit the downward thrust of'the bearing caps to the cylinder, and on the other hand transmit the upward thrust of the cylinder to the bearing thereby relieving the crank case'o these stresses which would otherwise tend to tear 15' As a means to permit removal of the cyl-lit apart.

inder without-disturbing-or releasing the bearing cap and studs, and on the other hand.

. threaded engagement with the crank-case 5,

as at 16; It should here be noted that the ceiving openings 17, which loosely receive the studs 9. When, therefore, the nuts 12 and 13 are removed, the cylinder 4 ma be withdrawn in an upward direction without disturbing the cap 8 and studs -9, since the latter are secured'to the crank case 5 independently of the attachment of the cylinder thereto. On the othenhand, by'removing the nuts 14 and 15, the cap 8 may be removed in a downward direction without disturbing the cylinder 4 or studs 9, since the latter are secured to the crank-case 5 independently of the caps. Moreover, thecylinder, as well as the cap, may be removed whilestill leaving the studs in place. Preferably, the studs without are provided with oppositely facing shoultightened, the thrust is received by the shoulder 18, thereby preventing any possi bility of stripping the threads at 16, since the latter are formed in the crank-case which is usually aluminum, and hence .un--

the other and without disturbing the studs' The convenience of this will be readily appreciated,

Where the main bearings receive their supply of oil from ducts extending laterally from one side of the crank case, interference owingto the presence of one of the studs 9 is avoidedby providing an annular chamber 20 encircling the stud and communicating with ducts 21 and 22, which are in line with a the stud. The duct 22 receives its supply of oil from a usual main supply duct 23 extending lengthwise-of the crank-case. I Thus the chamber 20 provides a path for the oil about the stud 9, and incidentally provides a I reservoir in which a small amount of oil dependently of the other, said means comwill remain stored, thereby to provide a sup- .ply for a limited time in case of failure of the main supply. It should. here be noted that the shoulder 18 provides a seal at the bottom of the chamber, while the screw thread 16 provides a seal at the top, thus preventing any possibility of the'escape of the oil. p Y

Having thus described one embodiment of my invention, what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure is:

1. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, -'a crank-case,- supportin said cylinder, a crank-shaft, a cranksha t main bearing comprising a cap, and means to. take the action and re-action of-said cylinder and cap and to secure each to said crank caseinprising two nuts and a tension member onto which said nuts are threaded, said tension member having a shoulder facing one of said nuts and cooperating therewith to secure said cylinder to said crank-case.

2. In an engine, the combination of a a crank-case supportin said cylinder, a crank-shaft, a crank-sha main bearing comprising a cap, and means to take the action andreaction of said cylinder and main bearing, andto secure both to said crank-case, saidineans including a tension member having an upwardly facing shoulder abutting against said crank-case to prevent lengthwise movement of said member toward said. cylinder and provided abovesaid shoulder with a screw-thread threadedinto said crank-caseto prevent lengthwise movement of said member toward said cap;-

3. In an engine, the-combination of a cylinder, a crank-case supporting said cylinder, a crank-shaft, a crank-shaft main" bearing comprising a cap and means to take the action and reaction of said cylinder and main bearing, and to 'secure bothto said. crank-case, said means including a tension member having oppositely facing shoulders abutting respectively against said crankcase and said cap.

4:. In. an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a crank-case supporting cylinder, a crank-shaft, a crank-shaft main bearing comprising a cap, and means to take the action and reaction of said cylinder and mainibearing, and to secure both to said crank-case, said means including a tension memberhaving oppositely facing shoulders abutting respectively against said crankcase and said cap, a nut threaded into one terminal portion of said member and cooperating with one shoulder to clamp said cylinder and said crank-case therebetween,

and a nut threadedv onto the other terminal portion and cooperating with the other shoulder to clamp said cap therebetween.

, said cylinder, crank-case and cap, said studs having screw-threaded engagement with said crank-case and being provided-With enlargements having oppositely facing shoulcrank-case and said cap, nuts threaded onto one pair of ends of said studs to secure said cylinder to said crank-case, and nuts threaded onto the other pair of ends of said studs to secure said cap to said crank-case.

'6. In an engine, the combination of a crank-shaft, a crank-case, a cylinder provided with a flange resting on said crank case, a crank-shaft main bearing comprising a cap, distinct from and within said crankcase, and means to secure said cylinder and said ca to'said crank-case said means in-' eluding a pair of studs extending through said flange and through said cap and having independent means of attachment to each and to said crank-case.

7. In an engine, the combination 'ofa said 5. In an "engine, the combination of a ders abutting respectively against said crank-shaft, a crank-case, a cylinder resting on said crank-case, a crank-shaft main bearing comprising a cap, and means to secure said' cylinder and said cap to said cra'nkcase, said means; including a stud having screw-threaded engagement with said crankcase and screwed thereint-o from the inside thereof, said stud being provided with a shoulder which is brought against the inner side of said crank-case in thus screwing said stud into place.

s. In an engine, the combination of a crank-shaft, a crank-case, a cylinder resting on said crank-case, a crank-shaft main bear mg comprising a cap, and means to secure said cylinder and said cap to said crank case, said means including a stud having screw-threaded engagement with said crankcase and provided with, a shoulder facing toward said cylinder, said crank-case having a portio which'is under compression between said shoulder and said cylinder.

9. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder having a lateral projection provided with an opening, a crank-case supporting said cylinder, a crank-shaft, a crankshaft main bearing comprising a cap, and means to take the action and reaction of said cylinder and cap and to secure both .to said crank-case, said means comprising a tension member provided with an enlargement presenting a shoulder seated in an upward direction against said crank-case, a shank extending from said shoulder in an upward direction, threaded into said crank-case and having a terminal portion extending through said opening, said member having a shank extending from said enlargement in a downward direction through said cap, and provided with a threaded terminal portion, and nuts threaded onto said terminal portions, respectively, to secure'said cylinder and cap to said crank-case. In testimony whereof, I nam to this specification.

DELMAR G. ROOS.

have signed my 

